Treatment of Abdominal Venous Diseases in Europe

Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) - Collects venous blood from the lower part of the body, being a rather significant vessel of the systemic circulation. Located, as it were, in the center of the body, its impairment or compression can affect many functions of both internal organs and lower extremities, causing abdominal venous diseases. When the inferior vena cava is blocked, also called IVC syndrome, partial or complete obstruction (occlusion) is distinguished.

There are 2 forms of this pathological condition:

acute inferior vena cava thrombosis
chronic obstructive occlusion.

Inferior vena cava syndrome most often occurs in the following situations:

During pregnancy, especially with a large fetus;
In the presence of abdominal tumors;
In retroperitoneal fibrosis (Ormond's disease);
Thrombosis and occlusion of hepatic veins of congenital or acquired origin.

Treatment:

Medication therapy: Medication therapy in the early stages of the disease restores normal blood flow and eliminates pathological processes. Compression therapy, balneological and physiotherapeutic procedures may also be used.

Surgical treatment includes:

Autogenous venous bypass (recognized as more effective) - creation of an additional blood pathway by means of other veins of the patient, which allows compensating for the lack of blood circulation in the IVC;
Inferior vena cava prosthetics (performed less frequently).

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Caused by atherosclerotic, inflammatory, or traumatic damage. It is primarily an abnormal, pathological dilation of the vessel walls.

Symptoms of abdominal aortic aneurysm:

In the early stages, an aneurysm is difficult to detect; it is usually discovered incidentally during examinations for other conditions. However, with increased aneurysm size, symptoms become more pronounced:

Dull, pulling, and distending abdominal pain (most common);
Discomfort and a feeling of heaviness in the left periumbilical area;
Sensation of pulsations in the abdomen, digestive disorders;
Lower back pain, numbness, and coldness in the lower extremities.

Surgical Treatment

Surgical intervention is the most effective treatment for this condition, including the following types:

If the aneurysm reaches a size of more than 5 cm and does not yet have pronounced complications, a planned operation is scheduled.
When aortic dissection or rupture occurs, emergency surgery is scheduled.

A synthetic tube is implanted during surgery to replace the aneurysm-damaged section. Due to its good biocompatibility, the tube will not require replacement during the patient's lifetime.

Endovascular surgical intervention is an alternative to classic open surgeries. The operation is performed via a catheter. A stent is inserted through the catheter to the site of aortic damage, where it expands and firmly presses against the vessel walls.

Advantages of endovascular treatment for abdominal aortic aneurysm:

Reduced hospital stay;
Short rehabilitation period;
Decreased likelihood of postoperative complications;

Advantages of treatment in Spain:

For patients with abdominal venous diseases in Spain, individual surgical treatment methods are selected using modern diagnostics.
The comprehensive approach to solving the most complex problems, as well as the high level of competence of vascular surgeons in Spain, determine the quality of treatment in the clinic and the effectiveness of its execution. All these factors together guarantee a speedy recovery and an improved quality of life for the patient.