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What is the Ahmed Valve and how does it work in glaucoma treatment?
The Ahmed Valve is a specialized medical device that surgeons implant in the eye to reduce intraocular pressure in cases of glaucoma.
Think of your eye as a small sink with a faucet and a drain. In a healthy eye, the water (intraocular fluid) flows in and drains out without obstruction. In glaucoma, this drain becomes blocked. As a result, fluid builds up, causing the pressure inside the sink (the eye) to rise. This damages a vital "cable" — the optic nerve, which transmits images to the brain. To address this, the surgeon implants the Ahmed Valve, a miniature yet highly effective drainage system.
What does it look like? The device consists of a thin silicone tube and a small plate.
How does it work? The tube diverts excess fluid. One end is placed inside the eye, while the other lies beneath the conjunctiva (the transparent outer layer), where the plate helps the fluid absorb into the surrounding tissues.
What makes it unique? It has a built-in mechanism that functions like a smart valve. It opens and closes to prevent pressure from dropping too low. This safeguards against complications linked to excessively high or low eye pressure.
Leading ophthalmology centers in Turkey have surgeons who specialize in these procedures and have already helped hundreds of patients preserve their vision with this device.
Can glaucoma be treated with the Ahmed Valve without iridectomy?
Yes, implanting the Ahmed Valve does not require an iridectomy (removal of part of the iris). This is a significant advantage for many patients. Iridectomy is usually necessary in some types of laser glaucoma surgery to create an opening in the iris for fluid outflow. However, the Ahmed Valve works on an entirely different principle – it diverts fluid through its own drainage system, bypassing the natural outflow pathways.
This is a microsurgical procedure that takes approximately 45 minutes to 1.5 hours and is performed under local anesthesia.
The surgery involves several steps. First, the surgeon makes a small incision in the conjunctiva (the thin membrane of the eye) and sutures the valve plate to the sclera at the back of the eye. Then, a microscopic opening is created in the sclera through which a thin silicone tube is guided into the anterior chamber of the eye.
A crucial feature is that the tube is positioned so that it does not touch the cornea or iris, preventing damage to these structures.
After placement, the surgeon verifies the valve’s proper function and closes the incisions. Most patients are discharged on the same day or after a few hours of observation. The eye is covered with a protective patch, which is removed the following day during the first postoperative examination.
The effectiveness of the Ahmed Valve compared with other glaucoma treatments
|
Treatment method |
Features and mechanism of action |
Advantages of the Ahmed Valve |
|
Eye drops and oral medications |
Medications must be taken strictly on schedule for life. Over time, their effectiveness may decrease, and side effects (such as dryness or irritation) can increase discomfort. |
A method that does not require daily medication intake and provides stable results independent of lifestyle. |
|
Laser procedures |
Laser creates micro-openings or widens existing channels for fluid drainage. These are quick outpatient procedures, but their effect is usually temporary and suitable only for early stages of glaucoma. |
A long-term solution effective even at advanced stages, when other methods are no longer sufficient. |
|
Conventional surgery (Trabeculectomy) |
The surgeon manually creates a new drainage pathway. The main drawback is the risk of scarring, which can close the new channel, causing pressure to rise again. |
It includes a built-in valve mechanism that regulates fluid outflow. This prevents a sudden pressure drop after surgery and significantly reduces the risk of scarring, ensuring more predictable and durable outcomes. |
According to a systematic review published in PLOS One, the Ahmed Valve shows consistent long-term outcomes with “an efficacy in reducing intraocular pressure comparable to trabeculectomy — the gold standard of surgical glaucoma treatment.”
What is the purpose of the Ahmed Valve?
Implantation of the Ahmed Valve is not the first step in glaucoma treatment. It is usually recommended when more conservative methods no longer deliver the desired results.
When to choose an Ahmed valve:
If glaucoma is in an advanced stage and medication and lasers are not helping. This is the main indication. If intraocular pressure remains high despite all efforts, the valve becomes the most reliable way to lower it and stop vision loss.
If a conventional operation is likely to quickly become “scarred.” Traditional operations may prove short-lived due to the formation of scar tissue, which over time blocks fluid drainage again. The Ahmed valve minimizes this risk thanks to its special design.
In secondary glaucoma, which developed after eye trauma or inflammation. In such cases, conventional surgery is often ineffective.
In neovascular glaucoma, which occurs due to the growth of new blood vessels. This is a very severe form of the disease, in which the Ahmed valve offers a significantly higher chance of success.
If the patient has a history of childhood and congenital glaucoma, when performing other operations on young children is technically difficult.
In Turkey, ophthalmologists decide on the implantation of the Ahmed Valve individually, taking into account the type of glaucoma, its stage, the patient’s response to previous treatments, and their overall health condition. Typically, this intervention is considered only after conservative therapies have been exhausted.
How to choose the best clinic for Ahmed Valve implantation?
Choosing a clinic for such a complex surgery is a crucial decision that directly impacts treatment outcomes. Experts Medical has been collaborating with leading ophthalmology centers in Turkey for more than 9 years, enabling us to offer patients trusted and proven options.
Our extensive experience helps patients avoid common mistakes when selecting a clinic and protects them from inexperienced specialists. We personally know every doctor we work with, have carefully assessed their qualifications, and have positive treatment experience with hundreds of patients. This allows us to understand the internal processes of each clinic and recommend truly top-tier options, not just those that are heavily advertised.
Top clinics for glaucoma treatment in Turkey :
Dunyagoz – the largest ophthalmology network in Turkey with international JCI accreditation. The clinics are equipped with state-of-the-art eye microsurgery equipment and feature specialized departments for glaucoma treatment. Leading national experts in drainage system implantation practice here.
Veni Vidi Eye Center – a prestigious clinic in Istanbul specializing in the treatment of complex glaucoma cases. The center is renowned for its innovative approaches and advanced surgical technologies. Its physicians regularly participate in international conferences and are proficient in the latest techniques.
Batigoz Eye Clinic Network – one of the oldest private ophthalmology networks in Turkey with a 30-year history. The clinics are recognized for maintaining the highest safety and quality standards, with particular focus on postoperative care and patient rehabilitation.
Experts Medical also assists in selecting a surgeon who specializes specifically in Ahmed Valve implantation and has successfully performed hundreds of such procedures. This approach ensures that your treatment will be handled by a physician with maximum expertise in this particular intervention.
Are there risks or complications after Ahmed Valve implantation?
Like any surgery, implantation of a drainage system carries certain risks, although serious complications are uncommon.
Risks include:
- temporary increase in pressure inside the eye until the valve is fully activated;
- inflammation and redness of the eye (usually resolves within 4-6 weeks);
- hemorrhage in the anterior chamber of the eye;
- too low blood pressure (hypotension);
- valve tube displacement or blockage;
- excessive scarring around the plate;
- erosion of the tube or plate.
A systematic review published in the Journal of Glaucoma notes that complications after surgery are rare and generally manageable.
When organizing glaucoma treatment in Turkey with Experts Medical, you do not need to worry about potential complications. We collaborate exclusively with highly experienced physicians, which minimizes the likelihood of adverse outcomes. In addition, we provide full support for patients until their complete recovery, ensuring that if any issue arises, it will be promptly resolved.
Where is the Ahmed Valve implanted, and will it be visible?
The Ahmed Valve is implanted in the upper outer quadrant of the eye, beneath the conjunctiva—a thin transparent membrane covering the sclera. The device is placed between the ocular muscles and is fully concealed under the eyelid.
The valve is completely invisible from the outside. Even with careful observation, others will not notice the implant. A slight tissue thickening may only be detected during a specialized medical examination, but visually the eye appears entirely natural.
Recovery after Ahmed Valve implantation
Full recovery after Ahmed Valve implantation typically takes around 6–8 weeks, with the most critical period being the first 2–3 weeks. During this time, Turkish doctors recommend:
- avoiding physical exertion and lifting weights over 5 kg;
- not rubbing or pressing on the operated eye;
- sleeping on your back or on the side opposite the operated eye;
- strictly following the prescribed eye drop regimen.
By weeks 3–4, patients can gradually resume light work and daily activities, avoiding sudden bending and strain. Starting from weeks 6–8, full physical activity, sports, and weightlifting are generally permitted.
Making the Final Decision About Surgery
The Ahmed valve is truly the “heavy artillery” in the fight against glaucoma, yet this does not diminish its value. It is chosen when other, simpler methods fail. In the most severe cases, when vision is at risk, the Ahmed valve becomes the only way to halt the progression of the disease.
Compared to relatively straightforward procedures, the Ahmed valve is more complex and costly, but also far more reliable and predictable. Its implantation requires a highly skilled surgeon, but the results justify it: patients achieve stable pressure reduction, preserving their vision for many years.
As for choosing Turkish healthcare, the main advantage lies in the service offered by its clinics. In addition to the surgery itself, patients receive a comprehensive care package that includes not only the expertise of experienced surgeons but also full comfort during recovery. Clinical support and monitoring help patients regain stability more quickly, allowing them to enjoy clear, pain-free vision.
How much does this procedure cost in Turkey?
Implantation of an Ahmed valve in one eye in Turkey starts at $5,500, which is approximately 40% lower than in the U.S. and Western Europe. When arranging treatment with Experts Medical, you do not need to worry about sudden price changes or hidden fees. The cost of surgery is guaranteed not to exceed the amount agreed upon during consultation. Special conditions may also be available for our patients.
When Does Intraocular Pressure Normalize After Ahmed Valve Implantation?
In the first few days, vision may be blurred due to swelling, but it gradually improves. Full stabilization of intraocular pressure occurs within 2–3 months, once a “filtering bleb” forms around the plate – a small elevation under the conjunctiva through which fluid drains.
How Long Does the Ahmed Valve Last, and Is Replacement Necessary?
The Ahmed valve is designed as a long-term solution and, in most cases, functions for decades without the need for replacement. Modern models are made of high-quality silicone and polypropylene, materials known for excellent biocompatibility and durability.
Long-term studies show strong survival rates of Ahmed valves over many years, although effectiveness may gradually decline. This is usually due not to device failure, but to natural tissue scarring around the valve.
Complete replacement is very rare, typically only required in cases of serious complications such as device displacement or infection. More often, less invasive procedures are performed: flushing a blocked tube or revising the tissue around the plate to restore fluid drainage.
In Turkey, leading ophthalmology centers have extensive experience in long-term monitoring of patients with Ahmed valves, allowing them to identify and address potential issues at an early stage. This significantly extends the device’s lifespan and minimizes the risk of repeat surgeries.
What happens if glaucoma is left untreated?
If glaucoma is not treated, it progresses irreversibly, gradually damaging the optic nerve and narrowing the visual field. The disease develops silently – patients often do not notice any deterioration for a long time, as central vision remains clear until the late stages. However, the damage continues to accumulate, eventually leading first to partial and then to complete blindness. Lost vision cannot be restored, as nerve fibers do not regenerate.
At Experts Medical we offer modern, effective solutions for managing glaucoma. These may include advanced laser surgery or alternative methods such as the implantation of an Ahmed valve. Based on the results of a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation, we will match you with an experienced ophthalmologist who will recommend the most effective treatment to help you avoid irreversible vision loss.
How to undergo glaucoma surgery in Turkey?
It only takes one simple step – submit a request on this page or call the phone number listed on our website. The Experts Medical team will take care of everything free of charge, handling all organizational matters so you can avoid unnecessary stress. We will help you choose the best clinic and doctor, prepare all the necessary medical documents, arrange a preliminary online consultation with your physician, and support you at every stage of treatment. With Experts Medical, you will never face your problem alone – we will be by your side from the very first examination to full recovery. Our mission is to ensure that your glaucoma treatment in Turkey is as safe and comfortable as possible.
Sources
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5322839/
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10317551/
- https://bmcophthalmol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12886-022-02493-w
- https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12325-017-0503-1
